A Short Guide To Work With NoSQL Using Python
NoSQL, or "Not Only SQL", is a type of database that is designed to handle large amounts of unstructured and semi-structured data.
Unlike traditional relational databases, which use SQL and a fixed schema to store and retrieve data, NoSQL databases offer a more flexible and scalable approach to data storage and management.
There are several types of NoSQL databases, each with its own strengths and weaknesses.
Some popular NoSQL databases include:
- MongoDB: A document-oriented database that stores data in the form of JSON-like documents.
- Cassandra: A distributed database that is optimized for high availability and fast write performance.
- Redis: An in-memory data store that is used for caching and real-time data processing.
In this article, we will focus on using MongoDB with Python.
To use MongoDB in your Python programs, you first need to install the pymongo module, which is the official MongoDB driver for Python.
You can install pymongo using pip, like so:
pip install pymongo
To connect to a MongoDB database from Python, you use the MongoClient class of the pymongo module, like so:
from pymongo import MongoClient
client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
This creates a connection to the MongoDB server running on the local machine on the default port (27017).
If you want to connect to a MongoDB server running on a different host or port, or if you want to use authentication, you can specify the connection URL as an argument to the MongoClient() constructor.
To access a specific database in MongoDB, you use the [database_name] attribute of the client object, like so:
db = client["mydatabase"]
This creates a reference to the "mydatabase" database. If the database does not exist, it will be created for you.
Methods Used In MongoDB
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| insert_one() | Inserts a single document into a collection. |
| insert_many() | Inserts a list of documents into a collection. |
| find() | Retrieves documents from a collection based on a set of criteria. |
| find_one() | Retrieves a single document from a collection based on a set of criteria. |
| update_one() | Updates a single document in a collection based on a set of criteria. |
| update_many() | Updates multiple documents in a collection based on a set of criteria. |
| delete_one() | Deletes a single document from a collection based on a set of criteria. |
| delete_many() | Deletes multiple documents from a collection based on a set of criteria. |
| count_documents() | Counts the number of documents in a collection based on a set of criteria. |
These methods can be used to perform a wide range of operations on MongoDB databases and collections, including inserting, updating, deleting, and querying data.
Here is an example of how you might use some of these methods to manipulate a collection in Python:
from pymongo import MongoClient
client = MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
db = client["mydatabase"]
users = db["users"]
# insert a document
users.insert_one({"name": "Alice", "age": 25})
# update a document
users.update_one({"name": "Alice"}, {"$set": {"age": 26}})
# delete a document
users.delete_one({"name": "Alice"})
# count documents
count = users.count_documents({})
print(count)
In this example, we have connected to a MongoDB database, accessed a collection called "users", and used various methods to insert, update, delete, and count documents in the collection.
Reference Books
Here are the books I’ve used as references for writing this article,
please feel free to read them If you don’t want your knowledge to be
limited to this article alone.
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